I'm curious to know if there are similar biases in the workplace - if anyone's dared to document it.
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Definitely not an exact answer, but one article (which I do not necessarily agree with when it comes to politics) covers wealth, income and "power" (author's term on the last point): www2.ucsc.edu/whorulesamerica/power/wealth.html. The data are what I find fascinating– YaReallyJan 20, 2013 at 19:21
2 Answers
There is data in the Wikipedia article Personal Income in The United States which I believe addresses your question. The results are not a surprise to me.
As I reviewed this, I see the data is a bit old, 2006 for this chart. I don't think the numbers have changed much, though.
There is a quite an extensive literature on the racial/ethnic and gender differences in earnings in the US and elsewhere. There is comparatively less of this work done on earnings differences in sexual orientation, but starting with a great paper from 2001 that relied on a novel use of census data from the 2000 US Census, it was shown that gay men earn roughly 16% less then straight men. Unfortunately you need access to JStor to read it online but here's the link:
http://econpapers.repec.org/article/ilrarticl/v_3a54_3ay_3a2001_3ai_3a3_3ap_3a631-646.htm
For more on gender, race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation, search the labor econ literature on http://econpapers.repec.org or http://scholar.google.com. You can also hit the BLS site for tables of wages and other labor market gaps by demographics from the Current Population Survey at http://bls.gov/cps/earnings.htm#demographics