26

I just bought a house. Now I'm getting ads in the mail every day or two trying to get me to sign up to pay my mortgage bi-weekly (every two weeks) or weekly instead of monthly. In their words I could cut seven years and thousands of dollars off what I pay in long term. It seems like I would be paying the exact same amount of money, also.

I know "if something sounds too good to be true then probably it is". But I cannot figure out why in this case. What is the catch? Or is this something I should be signing up for ASAP?

Improve this question
12
  • Mind telling us the rate? Is this a 30 year fixed? – JTP - Apologise to Monica♦ Jul 1 '14 at 18:00
  • 1
    How is the interest on your loan calculated? If it's average daily balance or another method where a mid-month payment affects the result, you'll get far more than you think out of twice-monthly payments (And I mean 24 payments, not 26). – ErikE Jul 1 '14 at 20:46
  • 1
    @ErikE - And my concern is that a bank will not accept $400 on the 15th when the next payment of $800 is due on the 1st. They will likely return it. If they keep it till the first, it will not be applied until then. That's not how mortgages work. – JTP - Apologise to Monica♦ Jul 2 '14 at 17:28
  • 1
    @JoeTaxpayer I guess it all depends on the contract you sign with them, doesn't it? Reading the fine print seems pretty important when the sums are 6 figures long. I do have to say that not accepting money when you give it to them, or delaying application of your payment after they receive it, both sound like criminal/fraudulent behaviors. – ErikE Jul 3 '14 at 2:41
  • 1
    Banks want you to do bi-weekly payments because most people are paid bi-weekly, and they want to sync your payments up to your paycheck. This makes you much more reliable in your payments because you always have their money first. If you get paid on friday, and set it up so the money comes out on monday, then all you have to do is not blow your entire paycheck over the weekend (which if you have a mortgage, you probably don't do) and they get their money. They get it before food, utilities, etc. Granted, this isn't the same reason those 'credit' companies want to 'help' you 'save'. – corsiKa Jul 3 '14 at 23:08
14

When you pay monthly, you're making 12 payments / year. Assuming you have a payment of $1000/mo, that's $12,000/year that you're paying for your mortgage.

When you opt for bi-weekly, they're saying that you can pay half of your mortgage ($500) bi-weekly (can be configured to align with your paycheck). Since there are ~26 bi-weekly periods in a year, you're making 26 * $500 = $13,000 in mortgage payments each year.

Some of these companies charge a fee for you to utilize this service. The main concept behind this is that people are horrible at budgeting on their own, so when $500 is immediately taken from your paycheck, you'll be able to budget around what's left and be able to make that extra payment each year without thinking about it or realizing it.

Improve this answer
1
  • Also, by paying half after 2 weeks you are reducing your loan amount for those 2 weeks and end up paying slightly less interest every month. This is quite common knowlege in Australia and the banks don't charge you anything to do it this way here. – user9722 Jan 15 '17 at 0:04
50

So the principle is true. Assuming that you get paid bi-weekly, you end up getting three paychecks two months during the year. Typically that is in January and July/August. So if things were different, and your mortgage was setup so you paid half a monthly payment each paycheck, then you would wind up making one full extra payment per year. Making that extra payment, most often, reduces the mortgage by 7 years on a 30 year note.

While true, many of these companies charge exorbitant fees for the right for you to do so, so the principal reduction is not commensurate with what you are paying.

You can simply do this yourself without paying fees. On those extra pay days, pay half a payment to principal only, and no fee, no fuss. This is pretty easy to do with most mortgage companies as they have online payments and it is just a matter of filling out a web form. For me this does not even cost a stamp as they pull from my checking account at another bank.

Improve this answer
6
  • 20
    +1 particularily for the advice to steer away from the scam companies and just do it yourself. – AJMansfield Jul 1 '14 at 20:29
  • 3
    Another advantage to doing it as a once off (maybe repeatedly) is that you can change your mind if your circumstances change. If you modify the mortgage contract you are locked in to the higher repayment rate. – Ross Millikan Jul 1 '14 at 23:38
  • 1
    @RossMillikan This isn't changing the mortgage contract, as it's all controlled and managed by the intermediate company. They usually allow cancellation at any time. – Noah Jul 2 '14 at 13:55
  • 2
    @Damon: That's how it's marketed, yes. If you go through the numbers you'll probably find that most of the savings come from additional payments and not interest. In fact, when I did the calculations on such an offer that was made to me I found that additional payments accounted for more than 100% of the reduced time -- the amount they would have taken was greater than the interest portion of the savings. – Charles Jul 2 '14 at 20:04
  • 1
    @DJClayworth should appreciate your correct usage of "principle" and "principal". ;-) – Craig W Jul 3 '14 at 15:29
30

Pete and Noah addressed the math, showing how this is, in effect, converting a 30yr to a ~23yr mortgage, at a cost, plus payment about 8% higher (1 extra payment per year). No magic there.

The real issue, as I see it, is whether this is the best use of the money.

  • Do you have a 401(k) at work and do you deposit to the match?
  • Are all your credit cards always paid in full?
  • Any other debt at higher interest?
  • A fully funded emergency account?
  • Any other expenses you need to save for?

Keep in mind, once you pay extra principal, which in effect is exactly what this is, it's not easy to get it back. As long as you have any mortgage at all, you have the need for liquidity, enough to pay your mortgage, tax, utilities, etc, if you find yourself between jobs or to get through any short term crisis.

I've seen people choose the "sure thing" prepayment VS the "risky" 401(k) deposit. Ignoring a match is passing up a 50% or 100% return in most cases. Too good to pass up.

2 points to add - I avoided the further tangent of the tax benefit of IRA/401(k) deposits. It's too long a discussion, today's rate for the money saved, vs the rate on withdrawal. Worth considering, but not part of my answer. The other discussion I avoid is Nicholas' thoughts on the long term market return of 10% vs today's ~4% mortgage rate. This has been debated elsewhere and morphs into a "pre-pay vs invest" question.

Improve this answer
5
  • 9
    Many popular financial people tend to ignore the high price of transacting real estate, which include mortgage origination. Having a low interest rate mortgage that is well within affordability with some equity is pretty damn attractive. Even above the match, a 401K contribution can net you a 20-35% return on the tax break alone. Typical mortgage prepayment nets less than 5%. – Pete B. Jul 1 '14 at 20:04
  • 3
    Answers like this are the reason that I wish that we could Star answers and not just questions. Thank you. – dotancohen Jul 3 '14 at 8:28
  • 1
    Thank you for touching on the investment aspect. These bi-weekly mortgage programs are a pet peeve of mine as so many seem to miss that your RoI would be much higher if you used that money elsewhere. A 401K (even without matching) saves 30% in taxes, and may net 10% appreciation annually, which sure beats saving that measly 4% on your mortgage... – Nicholas Jul 3 '14 at 12:46
  • Better than a 401k is a fund-owned IRA, since 401ks can have extremely high costs on the investment. They compare from as low as 0.1% for a fund-owned index to as high as 10% for a managed 401k. My company's 401ks are 6% for index funds. – Wyrmwood Jul 3 '14 at 23:37
  • 3
    6% expense? Not quite believing that. – JTP - Apologise to Monica♦ Jul 3 '14 at 23:45
2

Making extra principal payments will reduce the term of your loan. I wouldn't sign up for a biweekly schedule, just do it yourself so you have more flexibility. A simple spreadsheet will allow you to play "What if?" and make it clear that extra principal payments are most effective early in the term of the loan. My wife and I paid off our home in less than 10 years with this approach. Some will say that the opportunity costs of not using that money for something else outweighs the gains. I would say that not having a mortgage has a positive impact on your cash flow and your assets (you own the home), which combine to create more opportunity, not less. That being said, It should be obvious that paying off higher interest debt first is the priority, (Paying off a zero percent interest car loan early is just foolish)

Improve this answer
1

Another thing to consider is that paying extra principal (either via one of these services, or by including something extra with your normal mortgage payment and designating that it go to principal rather than be held to reduce next month's payment, or just sending an additional payment to the bank and designating it as reducing the principal) shortens the term of your loan.

Is this good? Maybe. Consider that banks lend with a variety of terms. Usually the 15-year fixed rate mortgage has a lower interest rate than the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage, and the 5-year home-equity-loan has an even lower rate.

When you prepay your loan, your interest rate stays the same, but the bank gets its money back sooner. This makes more profit for the bank as it can then invest the money in other things. That profit could have been yours if you had made that investment instead of prepaying your mortgage.

Improve this answer
4
  • 2
    "the bank gets its money back sooner," yes, but you still pay less interest. – Kevin Jul 3 '14 at 23:49
  • You're ignoring the opportunity cost of what you could have earned by putting the money elsewhere. – Snowbody Jul 4 '14 at 2:07
  • @Snowbody a lot of people think they can invest money more efficiently and smarter than banks, but most of them can't. – jwg May 19 '15 at 14:16
  • 1
    Indeed, but most people can invest in an index fund, which seems to do better than mortgage rates. Anything beyond that, and you're right, most people are awful at choosing investments and switching between them. – Snowbody May 20 '15 at 22:45
1

I'll preface this with saying that I'm not a finance or real estate professional, this is just how I understand the situation and what I'm doing:

We just got a 30year/FHA mortgage, there's no prepayment penalty, and no fees associated with paying it biweekly. In fact (Wells Fargo), while the payments get withdrawn biweekly, they don't actually post to the mortgage until there's enough for a full payment.

So essentially here are the benefits I'm realizing:

  1. It's easier to budget when the money immediately leaves my paycheck, rather than having a big balance in my checking account tempting me when it's earmarked for the mortgage
  2. The extra money going against the mortgage gets credited against the principal, not the interest, so I'm building equity. My goal is racing to build enough equity to get rid of the PMI. Since in the early years of a mortgage the scheduled payments are almost entirely against the interest, extra payments are the only way to build this equity. Perhaps once I've got the PMI lifted and I've got enough equity to feel comfortable, then I can scale back and start paying less, but that's a few years away.
Improve this answer
5
  • 1
    The typical issue with prepaying as a means to remove PMI is that PMI is removed when 78% LTV is reached based on natural amortization, i.e. the regular payments. If your amortization schedule was going to have you at 78% at, say month 60, but prepayments put you at 78% at month 36, you many need to pay for an appraisal. If the bank/servicer itself offered the biweekly, this may not apply, but good to ask now. – JTP - Apologise to Monica♦ Jul 3 '14 at 13:39
  • 2
    "while the payments get withdrawn biweekly, they don't actually post to the mortgage until there's enough for a full payment" Seems to me that's worse than having it applied immediately. The bank has your money but you still pay the interest on it. – Kevin Jul 3 '14 at 23:51
  • 1
    @JoeTaxpayer - Thanks for the tip, that wasn't how I understood it. – thehole Jul 15 '14 at 21:21
  • @Kevin - It sure seems worse than applying they payment to the balance immediately, if that's a fee-free option. In fact, that 'float' is probably a healthy incentive for the banks to keep pestering the OP. That said, if you believe Charles' claim in another answer's comments that the interest saved is negligible, you still reap the main benefits of an extra payment to principal and simpler budgeting. – thehole Jul 15 '14 at 21:29
  • @JoeTaxpayer, I had always heard that PMI goes away at 80% LTV. Is that just the rounding of 78%, or is this something different? -- Thanks. – InbetweenWeekends Sep 20 '15 at 4:19
1

Interest is a fee that you pay in order to use someone else's money. Once you've made the deal, pretty much anything you do that reduces the total interest that you pay does so by reducing the time for which you get to use their money. As an extreme example, consider a thirty-year interest-only loan, with a balloon payment at the end. If you pay it off after fifteen years you pay half as much interest because you had the use of the money for half as long. The same thing happens when you make biweekly payments: you reduce the total interest that you pay by giving up the use of some of the borrowed money sooner. That's not necessarily bad, but it's also not automatically good.

Improve this answer
2
  • The interest savings is a very small factor the bigger factor which you seemed to miss out on is that you make the equivalent of 13 monthly payments by paying every 2 weeks instead of monthly. – user9722 Jan 15 '17 at 0:07
  • @GeorgeRenous -- I didn't "miss out on" that. It doesn't matter how you structure it; as long as you're paying more than the agreed payments (and assuming there are no early payment penalties), the "savings" come from paying less interest, which happens because you don't have the borrowed money for as long. That's the tradeoff. – Pete Becker Jan 15 '17 at 0:32
-1

Depending on who you have the loan through and how they figure the interest charges (whether daily, monthly, bi-monthly, etc. normally monthly I would assume), your interest is probably figured either daily or once a month.

Let's assume that it is figured daily, otherwise it wouldn't make sense to make bi-weekly payments.

At 4% Annual Interest on a $150,000 home loan the interested added each day is about $16.44, but it doesn't stop there because it is compounding interest daily so the next day it becomes 4% of 150,0016.44 (which is negligibly larger amount) and they will tack on another $16.44.

So what will happen is that the amount of interest you owe grows rather quickly, especially if you miss a monthly payment. Everyone knows that the faster you pay something off the less interest you pay, but not everyone knows the formula for compounding interest. a quick Google search rendered this site with a simple explanation

Compound Interest Formula

Compunding Interest Formula

unfortunately this formula doesn't take into account the payments being made.

The big thing with making your payments bi-weekly rather than a bigger payment once a month is that you pay off some of that principle right away and it won't collect interest for 14 more days.

if the interest is only calculated once a month, make your full payment before the interest is calculated, the same goes for your credit cards.

Improve this answer
6
  • 1
    This interest is important, but paying at every 2 week interval is not saving 14 days, it's saving 1.2 days (because the 26 half payment schedule versus 12 full payments), however, this in addition to the two extra payments is significant over the life of the loan. – Wyrmwood Jul 3 '14 at 23:25
  • 1
    -1 not how mortgages work. – JTP - Apologise to Monica♦ Jul 3 '14 at 23:51
  • @JoeTaxpayer, Malachi is not involving PMI, so what is the relevance of your comment on David's post? Why is not this how mortgages work? Wrong formula? – rjt Jul 4 '14 at 18:29
  • @rjt - In the US, every fixed rate mortgage that I have encountered requires a monthly payment. It's due on the first of each month. Pay it 2 weeks early (the prior 15th) for 30 years, and you won't save a dime. Pay it 2 weeks late (but before the penalty date) and after 30 years, the mortgage is still paid, no effect of the 2 weeks. Each month has 1/12 the annual interest, no charge for 30 days vs 31. The bank will not accept a partial payment 2 weeks early as he suggests. "make your full payment before the interest is calculated"? I don't even know what this means. – JTP - Apologise to Monica♦ Jul 4 '14 at 20:20
  • 3
    Over a year, the biweekly payer pays in 13 full payments vs 12, this is the source of the savings. – JTP - Apologise to Monica♦ Jul 5 '14 at 0:13

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.