Not by much and not for very long. Otherwise international institutions that can trade in both market would arbitrage the difference, bringing the prices in line.
Suppose stock ABC was trading for $100 on the NYSE and for the equivalent (after currency conversion) of $105 in Europe. A multinational institution could buy the stock on the NYSE for $100 and immediately sell it for $105, resulting in an immediate risk-free profit. That transaction would increase the demand on the stock in the US, bringing the price up, and increase the "supply" of stock in Europe, bringing that price down. Eventually the price will reach an "equilibrium", only differing by transaction costs (both actual costs like commissions and implied costs like currency translation and bid/ask spread).
Edit based on comments:
If the question is if P/E multiples and other indicators are different in different exchanges, the answer is yes, but not because of the exchange, but because of the market that the company is in. Average P/E multiples in one market (not stock market, but economic market) could be different because or laws, regulations, competition, local supply/demand, etc.
I can't see why the actual exchange itself would have any bearing on multiples or any other aspect of valuation. Imagine two vendors in the exact same plaza auctioning off the exact same apples - why would the same apples sold by one vendor be worth more than those sold by another? People would just go to the cheaper vendor, driving down the price until they are equal.