- you have already deposited up to the employer match on the 401(k) and the IRA is more attractive. (Features listed in other bullet points)
- the 401(k) does not offer the Roth version, and you prefer that as an option so you use Roth IRA
- you already have $100K+ in the 401(k), so the loan option is already optimized (i.e. the $50K limit is available)
- you like the strategy of converting to Roth with individual investments, but recharacterizing losers. This needs an IRAover time.
- The 401(k) fees are high. After the match, it's just extra cost
- The 401(k) investing options are not varied enough or to your liking. IRA has far more flexibility
- (more to come)